Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), a sensor of cytosolic doorking 1835-080 DNA, recognizes cytoplasmic nucleic acids to activate the innate immune responses via generation of the second messenger cGAMP and subsequent activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STINGs).The cGAS-STING signaling has multiple immunologic and physiological fu
Innovations in Raman spectroscopic techniques provide a potential solution to current problems in pharmaceutical drug monitoring.This review aims to summarize the recent advances in the field.The developments of novel plasmonic nanoparticles continuously push the limits of Raman spectroscopic detection.In surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS),
This was a case of a 35-year-old man with trufit wrist brace mediastinal mass requiring computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy for tissue diagnosis.A posterior approach with an 18-gauge biopsy needle was used to obtain tissue sample.Post biopsy, patient condition deteriorated and multiphase CT study detected active bleeding in arterial phase at the
Mucosal surfaces in the gastrointestinal tract are continually exposed to native, commensal antigens and susceptible to foreign, infectious antigens.Immunoglobulin A (IgA) provides dual humoral responses that create a symbiotic environment for the resident gut microbiota and prevent the invasion of enteric pathogens.This review features recent immu